ESC Processors: Understanding the Different Types
ESC Processors: Understanding the Different Types
When it comes to the processors used in electronic speed controllers (ESCs) for FPV drones, several options are available on the market. Each processor type has its own set of features, firmware compatibility, and performance characteristics. In this section, we will explore the most common ESC processor types and their implications for your drone's performance.
1. ATMEL 8-bit Processors:
ATMEL 8-bit processors were prevalent in ESCs running the SimonK and early versions of BLHeli firmware. While they are compatible with both SimonK and BLHeli firmware, they have become less common with the rise of more advanced processors.
2. SILABS 8-bit Processors:
SILABS 8-bit processors gained popularity with the introduction of BLHeli and BLHeli_S firmware. ESCs utilizing SILABS processors are widely supported by BLHeli firmware versions. These processors offer good performance and compatibility for most FPV drones.
3. ARM Cortex 32-bit Processors (e.g., STM32 F0, F3, L4):
The introduction of 32-bit ARM Cortex processors to ESCs brought about the BLHeli_32 firmware. These processors, such as the STM32 F0, F3, and F4, are similar to those found in flight controllers. BLHeli_32 ESCs offer advanced features and improved performance compared to their 8-bit counterparts.
BLHeli_32 processors, particularly those based on the STM32 F3 and F4 series, are more powerful. However, the benefits of these faster processors are more pronounced in certain applications, such as cinematic flying and micro drones, where smoother motor operation and better efficiency are desired. For powerful and fast FPV drones, the high PWM frequency provided by faster processors may not optimize acceleration and torque at low RPM.
4. SILABS F330 and F39X Processors:
SILABS processors, specifically the F330 and F39X series, are commonly found in BLHeli_S ESCs. The F330 processor has a lower clock speed and may face challenges with high KV motors. On the other hand, the F39X processors, such as F390 and F396, offer better performance and support features like Multishot ESC protocol and Oneshot42.
5. Busybee (EFM8BB) Processors:
Busybee processors are an upgrade to the SILABS F330 and F39X processors. They offer dedicated hardware for generating a PWM signal, resulting in smoother throttle response. These processors also support the efficient DShot ESC protocol, making them a cost-effective solution for modern drone standards.
It's important to note that within the 8-bit processor category, the overall performance ratings vary. The Busybee processors (BB2 and BB1) generally outperform the F39X and F330 processors, while the ATMEL 8-bit processors typically offer lower performance compared to the others.
When selecting an ESC, it's crucial to consider the processor type and firmware compatibility. The processor's capabilities and firmware support can impact the ESC's performance, responsiveness, and features. Assess your specific drone requirements and consult recommendations from experienced pilots to make an informed decision.
By understanding the different ESC processor types and their characteristics, you can choose an ESC that aligns with your desired performance and functionality goals.
When it comes to the processors used in electronic speed controllers (ESCs) for FPV drones, several options are available on the market. Each processor type has its own set of features, firmware compatibility, and performance characteristics. In this section, we will explore the most common ESC processor types and their implications for your drone's performance.
1. ATMEL 8-bit Processors:
ATMEL 8-bit processors were prevalent in ESCs running the SimonK and early versions of BLHeli firmware. While they are compatible with both SimonK and BLHeli firmware, they have become less common with the rise of more advanced processors.
2. SILABS 8-bit Processors:
SILABS 8-bit processors gained popularity with the introduction of BLHeli and BLHeli_S firmware. ESCs utilizing SILABS processors are widely supported by BLHeli firmware versions. These processors offer good performance and compatibility for most FPV drones.
3. ARM Cortex 32-bit Processors (e.g., STM32 F0, F3, L4):
The introduction of 32-bit ARM Cortex processors to ESCs brought about the BLHeli_32 firmware. These processors, such as the STM32 F0, F3, and F4, are similar to those found in flight controllers. BLHeli_32 ESCs offer advanced features and improved performance compared to their 8-bit counterparts.
BLHeli_32 processors, particularly those based on the STM32 F3 and F4 series, are more powerful. However, the benefits of these faster processors are more pronounced in certain applications, such as cinematic flying and micro drones, where smoother motor operation and better efficiency are desired. For powerful and fast FPV drones, the high PWM frequency provided by faster processors may not optimize acceleration and torque at low RPM.
4. SILABS F330 and F39X Processors:
SILABS processors, specifically the F330 and F39X series, are commonly found in BLHeli_S ESCs. The F330 processor has a lower clock speed and may face challenges with high KV motors. On the other hand, the F39X processors, such as F390 and F396, offer better performance and support features like Multishot ESC protocol and Oneshot42.
5. Busybee (EFM8BB) Processors:
Busybee processors are an upgrade to the SILABS F330 and F39X processors. They offer dedicated hardware for generating a PWM signal, resulting in smoother throttle response. These processors also support the efficient DShot ESC protocol, making them a cost-effective solution for modern drone standards.
It's important to note that within the 8-bit processor category, the overall performance ratings vary. The Busybee processors (BB2 and BB1) generally outperform the F39X and F330 processors, while the ATMEL 8-bit processors typically offer lower performance compared to the others.
When selecting an ESC, it's crucial to consider the processor type and firmware compatibility. The processor's capabilities and firmware support can impact the ESC's performance, responsiveness, and features. Assess your specific drone requirements and consult recommendations from experienced pilots to make an informed decision.
By understanding the different ESC processor types and their characteristics, you can choose an ESC that aligns with your desired performance and functionality goals.